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为解决花生(Arachis hypogaea)离体诱变再生苗生根难、驯化移栽成活率低等问题,本文首先研究确立了花生再生苗无菌嫁接及其简单有效的移栽方法,然后以花生品种‘花育20号’、‘花育22号’、‘花育25号’和‘鲁花11号’胚小叶离体诱变再生苗作为接穗,‘花育23号’无菌萌发10~13 d的实生苗为砧木进行无菌嫁接和移栽,结果表明:沙是适宜的砧木种子无菌萌发培养基质;砧木子叶节以下的下胚轴是适宜的嫁接部位;嫁接苗直接移栽田间,不仅操作简单,节省人力物力,而且嫁接苗生长快,成活率高,4个供试品种的嫁接苗移栽成活率均达到90%以上。田间观察发现,‘花育20号’中有1株诱变再生嫁接苗当代发生明显变异,茎枝颜色由绿色突变为紫色,叶片形状由椭圆形突变为长椭圆形。
In order to solve the problems of rooting of Arachis hypogaea in vitro and low survival rate of domesticated transplanting seedlings, this paper firstly established aseptic grafting of regenerated seedlings of peanut and its simple and effective transplanting method. Then, Huayu 20, Huayu 22, Huayu 25 and Luhua 11 were screened in vitro and germinated for 10-13 days on ’Huayu 23’ The results showed that sand was suitable germplasm for germination of rootstock seed germination; the hypocotyls below rootstock cotyledonary node were the suitable grafting sites; the grafted seedlings were transplanted directly to the field not only The operation is simple, the manpower and material resources are saved, the grafted seedlings grow fast and the survival rate is high, and the survival rates of the grafted seedlings of the four tested varieties all reach more than 90%. Field observations showed that there was a significant mutation in the regenerated grafted seedlings in ’Huayu 20’. The color of stems changed from green to purple and the shape of the leaves changed from oval to oblong.