一、地主阶级1.抵抗派(以林则徐、魏源等为代表) (1)背景:①随着民族危机的出现和封建统治危机的加深,封建士大夫中的有识之士面对现实,呼吁革除弊端,“经世致用”,挣脱程朱理学束缚。②鸦片战争中英国的坚船利炮使爱国知识分子惊醒,开始寻求强国之道。 I. The landlord class 1. The resistance faction (represented by Lin Zexu, Wei Yuan, etc.) (1) Background: 1 With the emergence of national crisis and the deepening of the crisis of feudal rule, insightful people in the doctors of feudal scholars face reality and call for removal. Disadvantages, “the use of the world to use” to break away from the constraints of Confucianism. 2 In the Opium War, British gunboats awakened patriotic intellectuals and began to seek ways to strengthen the country.