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目的研究α辅肌动蛋白-3(ACTN-3)基因C1747T多态在汉族跳远运动员中的分布特点。方法无创口腔拭子基因组DNA提取试剂盒提取111名跳远运动员和213名普通人全基因组DNA,并利用PCR-RFLP检测ACTN-3基因C1747T多态性,Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡定律、SPSS对比分析跳远运动员与普通人群、不同专项运动员之间ACTN-3基因多态分布差异。结果跳远运动员和普通人群ACTN-3基因C1747T多态分布符合遗传平衡;跳远运动员ACTN-3基因CC型和C等位基因明显高于普通人群(χ2=7.407,P=0.006;χ2=6.344,P=0.012);不同性别跳远运动员之间ACTN-3基因多态分布差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.279,P=0.870);跳远运动员ACTN-3基因C1747T多态分布与长跑运动员相比,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.755,P=0.034);而与举重、排球运动员比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.173,P=0.917;χ2=3.088,P=0.213)。结论 ACTN-3基因CC型与速度力量素质相关,可作为跳远运动员选拔和培养的分子标记;不同专项运动员之间ACTN-3基因C1747T多态分布特点不同。
Objective To investigate the distribution of C1747T polymorphism of α-actinin-3 (ACTN-3) gene in Han nationality long-jump athletes. Methods Genomic DNA of 111 long-jump athletes and 213 common people were extracted by non-invasive oral swab genomic DNA extraction kit. ACT-3 gene C1747T polymorphism, Hardy-Weinberg genetic equilibrium law and SPSS were analyzed by PCR-RFLP. Differences of ACTN-3 Gene Polymorphism between Athletes and the General Population and Special Athletes. Results The polymorphism of C1747T of ACTN-3 gene in long-jump athletes and the general population was in line with genetic balance. The CC genotype and C allele of ACTN-3 gene in long-jump athletes were significantly higher than those in the general population (χ2 = 7.407, P = 0.006; = 0.012). There was no significant difference in ACTN-3 gene polymorphism among long-jump athletes (χ2 = 0.279, P = 0.870). Compared with long-distance runners, the differences of ACT17 gene polymorphism (Χ2 = 6.755, P = 0.034). There was no significant difference between weight-lifting and volleyball players (χ2 = 0.173, P = 0.917; χ2 = 3.088, P = 0.213). Conclusion The CC genotype of ACTN-3 is associated with speed-force quality and can be used as a molecular marker for the selection and culture of long-jump athletes. The characteristics of C1747T polymorphism of ACTN-3 gene are different among different athletes.