一、前言树干形状在测树学中是一个重要的调查因子,它既决定着树干材积的数量和质量,而且还是某些测树数表编制的核心问题。一百多年来,林学家们为了从理论和应用上完满地解决这一问题,虽提出许多假设和干形指标,对解决这一问题有一定的贡献。但从理论和实践的结合上看,有的虽具有重要的理论意义,但难以在实践中应用;有的虽便于在实践中应用,但在理论上却有某种不足。 I. INTRODUCTION Trunk shape is an important investigative factor in tree measurement. It determines the quantity and quality of tree trunks, and is also the core issue for some tree compilation. For more than one hundred years, forest scientists made a lot of assumptions and dry indicators in order to solve this problem satisfactorily in theory and application, and they made some contribution to solving this problem. However, from a combination of theory and practice, although some have important theoretical significance, they are difficult to apply in practice; while some are convenient to be applied in practice, they have some theoretical shortcomings.