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目的了解六盘水市学校传染病暴发疫情的流行病学特征,为预防和控制传染病暴发疫情提供科学依据。方法应用描述流行病学方法对六盘水市2006-2012年学校传染病暴发疫情资料进行统计分析。结果六盘水市2006-2012年发生在学校的传染病暴发疫情49起,发病1 077例,无死亡,罹患率3.81%。学校传染病暴发以呼吸道传染病为主(85.71%),81.63%的暴发疫情和86.91%的病例发生在农村,4月和10月为高发月份,8~11岁为高发年龄(72.61%)。结论学校特殊的环境、学生疫苗接种率低和疫情的迟报是学校易出现传染病暴发和疫情扩大的原因。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of outbreaks of infectious diseases in schools in Liupanshui City and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of outbreaks of infectious diseases. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of outbreaks of infectious diseases in schools in Liupanshui City from 2006 to 2012. Results In Liupanshui City, 49 outbreaks of infectious diseases were reported in schools from 2006 to 2012, with a total of 1 077 cases without any deaths and an attack rate of 3.81%. Outbreaks of infectious diseases in schools were mainly respiratory infections (85.71%), 81.63% of outbreaks and 86.91% of cases were in rural areas. April and October were the high-incidence months and the age of 8 to 11 was high (72.61%). Conclusion The special circumstances of schools, the low vaccination rate of students and the late reporting of epidemics are the reasons for the outbreak of infectious diseases and the spread of epidemics in schools.