水稻稻瘟病、纹枯病是我国水稻上常发性、普发性和重发性的两种主要病害。随着水稻高产及超高产品种的推广应用、水稻施肥量的增加、水稻轻型栽培面积的扩大,以及气候条件的异常,水稻纹枯病、稻瘟病发生危害日趋严重。自2009年以来,水稻纹枯病已连续7年发生较重,造成部分水稻田出现“冒穿到顶、枯死倒伏”现象,严重田块水稻产量损失30%~45%。而 Rice blast and sheath blight are two main diseases of the common, recurrent and recurrent rice in our country. With the popularization and application of high yield and ultra-high yielding varieties of rice, the increase of fertilization amount, the expansion of light-cultivated area of ​​rice and the climatic abnormality, the serious damage of rice sheath blight and blast are more and more serious. Since 2009, the sheath blight of rice has been seriously affected for seven consecutive years, resulting in the phenomenon of “running through to the top, withering and lodging” in some paddy fields, and the yield of serious paddy rice has been reduced by 30% -45%. and