近百年来，摆在中国人面前的首要任务便是救国（民族独立）和强国（国家富强），科学技术是贯穿百年救国强国历程的主线。19世纪末、五四前后的20世纪初、20世纪末代表了近百年科技思潮勃兴的三个阶段，引进、消化与创新则分别代表了三个阶段科技思潮的特征。 In the past century or so, the primary task before the Chinese is to save the nation (national independence) and power (the country is rich and powerful). Science and technology are the main lines of the process of saving the nation through power for centuries. At the end of the 19th century and around the beginning of the 20th century of the May 4th Movement, the late 20th century represented three stages in which the trend of scientific and technological thoughts had flourished in recent centuries. The introduction, digestion and innovation respectively represented the characteristics of the three stages of scientific and technological thoughts.