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目的了解日照市手足口病的病原学特征及影响阳性检出率的因素,为手足口病的早期诊断、标本检测及预防提供依据。方法共采集1 010份手足口病病例标本,应用实时逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法进行检测,并对结果进行分析。结果 2010~2012年合计检测手足口病病例标本1 010份,肠道病毒阳性的721份,阳性率为71.39%。其中,EV71病毒阳性330份,阳性率为32.67%;CoxA16病毒阳性264份,阳性率为26.14%;其他肠道病毒阳性127份,阳性率为12.57%。每年的肠道病毒阳性率分别为:2010年78.40%(127/162),2011年63.86%(357/559),2012年82.01%(237/289)。标本的肠道病毒阳性率:男性为72.48%,女性为69.25%(P>0.05);粪便标本为74.89%,咽拭子标本为35.56%(P<0.01);轻症者为68.83%,重症者为86.39%(P<0.01)。阳性组平均年龄为(3.03±1.64)岁,阴性组为(3.30±2.07)岁(P<0.05)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果,标本类型和症状轻重是影响标本检测阳性率的影响因素,OR分别为5.305、0.352。结论标本类型和症状轻重为肠道病毒阳性率的影响因素,年龄可能对肠道病毒阳性率有影响。
Objective To understand the etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Rizhao City and the factors influencing the positive detection rate in order to provide basis for the early diagnosis, specimen detection and prevention of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods A total of 1 010 hand, foot and mouth disease cases were collected and detected by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results were analyzed. Results A total of 1 010 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were detected in 2010-2012, 721 were positive for enterovirus, the positive rate was 71.39%. Among them, 330 were positive for EV71 virus, the positive rate was 32.67%; 264 were positive for CoxA16 virus, the positive rate was 26.14%; 127 were positive for other enterovirus viruses, the positive rate was 12.57%. The annual positive rates of enterovirus were 78.40% (127/1662) in 2010, 63.86% (357/559) in 2011 and 82.01% (237/289) in 2012 respectively. The positive rate of enterovirus in the specimens was 72.48% for males and 69.25% for females (P> 0.05). Stool samples were 74.89% and throat swab samples were 35.56% (P <0.01), 68.83% Who was 86.39% (P <0.01). The average age of positive group was (3.03 ± 1.64) years old, negative group was (3.30 ± 2.07) years old (P <0.05). Multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression analysis, the type of specimen and the severity of symptoms were the influential factors of the positive rate of specimen detection, OR were 5.305,0.352 respectively. Conclusions The type and severity of symptoms are the influencing factors of the positive rate of enterovirus, and the age may have an impact on the positive rate of enterovirus.