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采用酸提碱沉的方法,从博落回中提取并制备了苯并啡啶类生物碱(QBAs)——血根碱(sanguinarine)和白屈菜红碱(chelerythrine)的硫酸氢盐;采用高效液相色谱法测定了2种生物碱的含量;初步测定了其硫酸氢盐对几种常见病原菌的抗菌活性,并对其急性毒性进行了研究。结果表明:所制备的QBAs硫酸氢盐中血根碱和白屈菜红碱的质量分数均在60%以上。生物测定结果表明,该生物碱的硫酸氢盐对葡萄叶斑病菌Cercospora viticola、葡萄黑豆病菌Elsinoe ampelina、葡萄炭疽病菌Colletotrichum gloeosporioides、葡萄褐斑病菌Cercospora viticola、稻瘟病菌Pvricularia oryzae、小麦赤霉病菌G ibberella zeae和辣椒疫霉Phytophythora capsici均具有较强的抑制作用,EC50值在3.35～10.08μg/mL之间。其急性毒性属低毒,对皮肤有弱致敏性,但对眼睛有重度刺激性。博落回中QBAs硫酸氢盐制备方法稳定,具有较强的抗菌活性,可考虑开发成低毒、环境友好型植物源杀菌剂。
The method of acid extraction and alkali precipitation was used to extract and prepare the bisulfate of benzo [n] pyridine alkaloids (QBAs), sanguinarine and chelerythrine, The contents of two alkaloids were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The antibacterial activity of bisulfate to several common pathogens was determined and the acute toxicity was also studied. The results showed that the mass fraction of sanguinarine and chelerythrine in QBAs hydrogensulfate was over 60%. Bioassay results showed that the alkaloids of bisulfate on the Cercospora viticola, Phytophthora graminis Elsinoe ampelina, grape anthracnose Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Corynebacterium pathogen Cercospora viticola, Magnaporthe grisea Pvricularia oryzae, Fusarium graminearum G ibberella zeae and Phytophythora capsici, respectively. The EC50 values ranged from 3.35 to 10.08 μg / mL. Its acute toxicity is low toxicity, weak sensitization of the skin, but the eyes have a severe irritation. Bo Qiaobu QBAs bisulfate preparation method is stable, has strong antibacterial activity, consider the development into a low toxicity, environmentally friendly plant fungicides.