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本论文在与“公益”性相关的问题当中,将此次日本进行的百年一次的关于“公益法人”的法律制度改革和现在正在进行中的该制度的运用状况纳入视野,在明确“公益”概念的多义性及其功能现状的一个侧面的同时,思考公益法人改革对“结社自由”的构造性理解的方法所带来的影响。一、公益法人制度改革的概要和运用现状1.公益法人制度改革的概要日本的法人制度最早源于1896年制定的日本《民法》,至今为止百余年间几乎维持了当初制度的原形。在日本《民法典》修改(2004年)以前,将有关法人的成立问题委以
In this issue of “Public Welfare”, this paper takes a look at the once-in-a-hundred-year reform of the legal system concerning “public interest corporations” and the ongoing application of this system in Japan. While clarifying the polysemy of the concept of “public interest” and its status quo of functions, this article will consider the impact of the reform of public-benefit corporations on the constructive understanding of “freedom of association.” I. Overview of the Reform of Nonprofit System and Its Application 1. Overview of the Reform of the System of Nonprofit Corporations The legal system in Japan was originally derived from the Japanese “Civil Law” promulgated in 1896, and has so far maintained the original form of the original system for almost a hundred years. Before the revision of the “Civil Code of Japan” (2004), the question of the establishment of legal persons was delegated