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震级是地震大小的尺度,是地震的一个主要参数,也是地震学里研究得最多的一个参数。目前世界上所用的震级很不统一,测定的偏差也大,这对地震的研究带了很多麻烦。随着地震学的发展,震级问题的矛盾越来越突出。近十几年来,它已成为国际地震学家注意的一个重要问题,专门成立震级委员会来研究它。近年来,我国地震学界对震级问题的研究也很重视,已将它列为重点科研项目之一,组织力量进行研究。本文简介三个问题,一是较为常用的震级标度;二是震级标度存在的问题;三是改进震级标度的途径。
Magnitude is a measure of the size of an earthquake, a major parameter of an earthquake, and one of the most studied parameters in seismology. At present, the magnitudes used in the world are not uniform, and the measured deviations are also large. This has brought a lot of trouble to the study of earthquakes. With the development of seismology, the contradictions between magnitude problems become more and more prominent. In the past decade or so, it has become an important issue that international seismologists have paid attention to, setting up a special committee of magnitude to study it. In recent years, the seismological community in China also attaches great importance to the research on the magnitude problem, which has been listed as one of the key scientific research projects and the organizational strength has been studied. This article briefs on three issues, one is the more commonly used magnitude scale; the second is the problem of magnitude scale; the third is the way to improve the magnitude scale.