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目的调研汶川地震后一年半绵阳、北川受灾群众心理卫生状况及其与五态人格的关系。方法用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和五态人格问卷调查绵阳和北川480名群众。结果 SCL-90总分≥160分(筛查阳性)者占21.2%,躯体化、强迫等7个因子得分与常模存在统计学差异(P<0.01)。震后一年半SCL-90除躯体化以外的其他因子分均显著低于震后初期(P<0.001)。农村受灾群众心理卫生状况差于城市。不同年龄组间SCL-90总分与因子分无统计学差异。太阳人格与强迫和人际敏感得分呈显著负相关;少阳人格与抑郁、焦虑等因子呈显著负相关;阴阳平和人格与恐怖因子得分呈显著负相关;少阴人格与SCL-90九项因子得分均无明显相关;太阴人格除与躯体化和强迫无明显相关外,与其他7个因子均呈显著正相关。结论地震后一年半受灾群众心理卫生状况好于震后初期,低于全国正常水平,农村低于城镇,太阴人格特征者心理卫生状况偏差。灾区心理卫生工作仍需重视。
Objective To investigate the mental health status of people affected by Mianyang and Beichuan in the year and a half after the Wenchuan earthquake and their relations with the five states of personality. Methods A total of 480 people in Mianyang and Beichuan were investigated using the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and Five-State Personality Questionnaire. Results SCL-90 score ≥160 (screening positive) accounted for 21.2%, somatization, forcing and other seven factors score and norm statistically significant difference (P <0.01). SCL-90 other than somatization during the year and a half after the earthquake were significantly lower than the early post-earthquake (P <0.001). The psychological health status of the affected people in rural areas is worse than that of cities. There was no statistic difference between SCL-90 total score and factor score in different age groups. There was a significant negative correlation between Sun personality and forced and interpersonal sensitivity scores; Shaoyang personality and depression, anxiety and other factors was significantly negatively correlated; Yin and Yang peaceful personality and terror factor scores were significantly negative correlation; Shaoyin personality and SCL-90 nine factors score There was no significant correlation; Taiyin personality except with somatization and forced no significant correlation, and other seven factors were significantly positively correlated. Conclusion The mental health status of the affected people in the past year and a half after the earthquake is better than that of the initial post-earthquake period, lower than the normal level of the whole country, and the deviation of the mental health status of rural residents who are lower than the urban and mid-Taiyong personality traits. Disaster mental health work still needs attention.