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除了常规的重力、地震和钻井等勘探手段以外,目前我国又蓬勃兴起了地表油气化学勘探方法。地表化探的原理也很简单,因为地球上没有一个油气储层是完全密封的,所有的烃类都会从地层的微细裂隙运移到地表。油气藏盖层下的烃分子在周围地下水的作用下,以每秒几毫米的速度向上运移,而且在运移中可以穿过各种沉积岩。据测定,气体分子在14天内就可以穿透1000英尺厚的地层;其次,在重力场的作用下,圈闭内力的垂向矢量对每个碳氢化合物场起作用,进一步促成了烃分子的垂直运移;再者,油气藏上覆地层中广泛存在的节理、裂隙乃至断裂都呈垂直状态,它们形成了烃类向上运移的通道。
In addition to the conventional means of exploration such as gravitational, seismic and drilling drilling, the chemical prospecting method for surface oil and gas is booming in our country. The principle of surface geochemical exploration is also simple because no oil and gas reservoir on Earth is completely sealed and all hydrocarbons migrate from the fine cracks in the formation to the surface. Hydrocarbon molecules under the cap rock migrate upwards by a few millimeters per second under the influence of surrounding groundwater, and can migrate through various sedimentary rocks. It has been determined that gas molecules can penetrate 1,000-ft-thick formations within 14 days. Second, the vertical vector of trap internal forces acts on each hydrocarbon field under the action of the gravitational field, further contributing to the formation of hydrocarbon molecules In addition, the widespread joints, fractures and even fractures in the overlying strata of the oil and gas reservoirs are all vertical. They form channels for the upward migration of hydrocarbons.