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目的:探讨血浆微小RNA-30b-5p（miR-30b-5p）联合血管外肺水指数（EVLWI）对急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）患者预后的评估价值。方法:选择2016年1月至2019年6月儋州市人民医院收治的120例ARDS患者作为研究对象。收集患者的性别、年龄、体重指数（BMI）、基础疾病、病因以及心率（HR）、呼吸频率（RR）、氧合指数（OI）、动脉血二氧化碳分压（PaCOn 2）和急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ（APACHEⅡ）等基线值，根据住院期间生存情况分为存活组和死亡组，根据OI分为轻中度组（OI>100 mmHg，1 mmHg＝0.133 kPa）和重度组（OI≤100 mmHg）。采用实时荧光定量反转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测血浆miR-30b-5p表达，并测定EVLWI。绘制受试者工作特征曲线（ROC），分析血浆miR-30b-5p及EVLWI预测ARDS患者死亡的价值；用Pearson相关法分析住院期间不同预后ARDS患者血浆miR-30b-5p与EVLWI的相关性。n 结果:120例ARDS患者均纳入分析，死亡组42例，存活组78例；轻中度组67例，重度组53例。死亡组患者APACHEⅡ评分高于存活组，但两组性别、年龄、BMI、基础疾病、病因及HR、RR、OI和PaCOn 2基线值比较差异均无统计学意义。死亡组患者血浆miR-30b-5p表达水平及EVLWI均明显高于存活组〔miR-30b-5p（2n -ΔΔCt）：2.28±0.74比0.52±0.06，EVLWI（mL/kg）：15.38±4.60比10.24±2.15，均n P 100 mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) and severe group (OI ≤ 100 mmHg). The expression of plasma miR-30b-5p was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and EVLWI was measured. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the value of plasma miR-30b-5p and EVLWI in predicting the death of patients with ARDS. Pearson correlation method was used to analyze the correlation between miR-30b-5p and EVLWI in ARDS patients with different prognosis during hospitalization.n Results:120 patients with ARDS were enrolled in the analysis, with 42 patients in the death group, and 78 in the survival group; with 67 patients in the mild-moderate group, and 53 in the severe group. APACHE Ⅱ score in the death group was higher than that in the survival group, but there was no significant difference in gender, age, BMI, underlying diseases, etiology or baseline values of HR, RR, OI, or PaCOn 2 between the two groups. The expression of plasma miR-30b-5p and EVLWI level in the death group were significantly higher than those in the survival group [miR-30b-5p (2n -ΔΔCt): 2.28±0.74 vs. 0.52±0.06, EVLWI (mL/kg): 15.38±4.60 vs. 10.24±2.15, both n P < 0.01]. The expression of plasma miR-30b-5p, EVLWI and mortality during hospitalization in the severe group were significantly higher than those in the mild-moderate group [miR-30b-5p (2 n -ΔΔCt): 2.05±0.65 vs. 0.93±0.17, EVLWI (mL/kg): 14.65±4.20 vs. 11.36±2.28, mortality during hospitalization: 58.5% (31/53) vs. 16.4% (11/67), all n P < 0.01]. ROC curve analysis showed that the best cut-off value of plasma miR-30b-5p and EVLWI in predicting the death during hospitalization of ARDS patients were 1.62 and 13.28 mL/kg, respectively. Moreover, the area under ROC curve (AUC) of the combination of two parameters was significantly higher than that of the two alone (0.897 vs. 0.827, 0.785), with high sensitivity and specificity, 90.5% and 84.2%, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed that plasma miR-30b-5p in dead ARDS patients was significantly positively correlated with EVLWI ( n r = 0.768, n P 0.05).n Conclusion:The expression of plasma miR-30b-5p and EVLWI are related to the severity and prognosis of patients with ARDS, and the combination of the two has certain evaluation value for the prognosis of ARDS patients.