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以La(NO3)3.6H2O为镧源,采用微波水热法制备了不同形貌(例如:不规则粒状、片状、棒状)La(OH)3纳米晶。采用X射线衍射、场发射扫描电子显微镜、紫外–可见光谱等技术对所制得的产物的物相组成、形貌和光学性能进行分析。结果表明:随着前驱体浓度的增大,La(OH)3纳米晶由不规则粒状向片状转变,再由片状向棒状转变。紫外–可见光谱分析和光催化结果表明,La(OH)3纳米晶在200～400nm具有优异的吸收能力。La(OH)3纳米棒对紫外区域吸收率最大,不规则形状的La(OH)3对紫外区域吸收率最小。La(OH)3纳米棒优于其他形貌对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解,降解率可达到93%,而纳米片和不规则粒状的光催化降解率分别为87%和75%。
La (OH) 3 nanocrystals with different morphologies (eg irregular granular, flaky and rodlike) were prepared by microwave hydrothermal method using La (NO3) 3.6H2O as the source of lanthanum. The phase composition, morphology and optical properties of the prepared product were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The results show that with the increase of precursor concentration, La (OH) 3 nanocrystals change from irregular granular to flaky and from flaky to rodlike. UV-Vis spectra and photocatalytic results show that La (OH) 3 nanocrystals have excellent absorption at 200-400 nm. La (OH) 3 nanorods have the highest absorption in the UV region and the irregular La (OH) 3 has the least absorption in the UV region. The photocatalytic degradation rate of La (OH) 3 nanorods on methylene blue was better than that of other morphologies, the degradation rate was 93%, while the photocatalytic degradation rate of nanosheets and irregular particles were 87% and 75% respectively.