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【目的】对双孢蘑菇培养料“后发酵”期间内的细菌群落结构进行了初步的研究,希望利用现代分子生态学的方法能快速、准确地对培养料发酵过程中的微生物群落结构进行动态的检测。【方法】采用变性梯度凝胶电泳(Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis,DGGE),对取自双孢蘑菇培养料“后发酵”不同时期的七份样品的特异性扩增细菌16S rDNA的V3可变区进行分析。【结果】双孢蘑菇培养料中的细菌组成要远远丰富于人们用传统的分离方法所获得的类群,“空气调节”时期的培养料中不仅检测到了前人用经典培养方法获得的Bacillus属嗜热细菌,还发现了一些未曾报道的Bacilli门的成员,如Trichococcus属、Planococcus属和Caryophanon属,以及γ-Proteobacteria亚纲。而在“后发酵”刚开始和即将结束的培养料中分别检测到了Thermus thermophilus和α-Proteobacteria亚纲的细菌,这些是近年来利用分子生物学方法在各类高温堆肥中发现的新类群;【结论】发现双孢蘑菇培养料“后发酵”过程中细菌的群落结构发生了明显的变化,在双孢蘑菇培养料“后发酵”过程中还发现了大量目前尚未获得培养的细菌类群。
【Objective】 The preliminary study on the bacterial community structure of Agaricus bisporus culture material during “post-fermentation” period was carried out. It is hoped that the modern molecular ecology method can rapidly and accurately evaluate the microbial community structure Dynamic testing. 【Method】 Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to characterize the specific amplified 16S rDNA of V3 from seven samples collected from different stages of Agaricus bisporus culture material “post-fermentation” Area for analysis. 【Result】 The results showed that the bacterial composition in Agaricus bisporus culture material was much more abundant than those obtained by traditional separation methods. The culture materials of “air conditioning” period not only detected the former classical culture method Bacillus is a thermophilic bacterium, and some members of the unrecorded Bacilli phylum such as Trichococcus, Planococcus and Caryophanon, as well as the γ-Proteobacteria subfamily have been found. However, the thermophiles Thermus thermophilus and α-Proteobacteria subclass were detected in the culture broth at the beginning and the end of “post-fermentation”, respectively. These are the new taxa discovered in recent years by using molecular biology in various high-temperature compost ; 【Conclusion】 The results showed that the bacterial community structure changed obviously during the culture of “Agaricus bisporus” and “after fermentation”. A large number of cultivars not found in Agaricus bisporus culture material Bacterial taxa.