鱾新本尼登虫作为海洋鱼类的一种体外寄生虫,是海水养殖中主要的流行病原.为了探究盐度对鱾新本尼登虫成虫和幼虫活力的影响,以成虫和幼虫的累积死亡率为指标,检测了成虫和幼虫在四种盐度(0、10、20和30 ppt)胁迫下的活力状况.在此基础上,测试了五种中草药猪苓、羌活、淡竹叶、牡丹皮和紫草的酒精粗提物离体杀灭鱾新本尼登虫的活性.研究结果表明,当水温维持在22℃时,成虫和幼虫处于30 ppt的海水盐度下,在实验分别开始的8小时和5小时内,它们的累积死亡率均为0％,可以维持较好的活力,该结果可为鱾新本尼登虫的离体杀虫实验提供时间依据.另外,离体杀虫实验结果表明,浓度为16 mg·L–1和8 mg·L–1的羌活酒精粗提物分别在158.7 min和135.7 min之内可以杀灭100％的成虫和幼虫.淡竹叶、牡丹皮和紫草的酒精粗提物在浓度高于64 mg·L–1时才能杀灭所有的幼虫.猪苓提取物减少了成虫和幼虫的存活率.羌活提取物在浓度高于128 mg·L–1时可以完全抑制鱾新本尼登虫虫卵的孵化,但是,持续暴露在256 mg·L–1的猪苓、淡竹叶和紫草粗提物下十天,虫卵的孵化率仍无显著变化.根据这些结果可以表明上述的几种植物粗提物可以作为水产养殖中控制鱾新本尼登虫感染的植物型药物的潜在来源.“,”Neobenedenia girellae is an ectoparasite of marine fishes, which causes major epidemics in marine aquaculture. In order to investigate the effect of salinity on the activity of the adults and oncomiracidia of N. girellae, the mortalities of N. girellae adults and oncomiracidia were evaluated at different salinities (0, 10, 20, and 30 ppt). Additionally, the in vitro efficacy of ethanol extracts of Polyporus umbellatus, Notopterygium incisum, Lophatherum gracile, Moutan cortex, and Arnebia euchroma against N. girellae was investigated. Results showed the adults and oncomiracidia of N. girellae showed 0.0％ mortality at 30 ppt of salinity after an 8 h and 5 h exposure at (22 ± 1) °C, respectively. They can maintain good activity power. The result provided time basis for the in vitro experiment of N. girellae. In vitro results indicated that N. incisum ethanol extract resulted in 100％ mortality of N. girellae adults at a concentration of 16 mg·L–1 within 158.7 min and killed all oncomiracidia at 8 mg·L–1 within 135.7 min. L. gracile, M. cortex, and A. euchroma extracts at ≥ 64 mg·L–1 killed all N. girellae oncomiracidia. P. umbellatus extract reduced adults and oncomiracidia survival. N. incisum extract at ≥ 128 mg·L–1 caused 0％ hatching rate with no egg development. However, when exposed to 256 mg·L–1 of P. umbellatus, L. gracile, and A. euchroma ethanol extract for 10 days, there was no significant efficacy on eggs hatching rate. These findings demonstrate that these plant extracts are potential sources of botanical drugs for controlling N. girellae infection in aquaculture.