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目的:从天然药物中筛选促进大脑皮质神经元轴突增长的药物。方法:采用系统溶剂提取法得到不同部位的人参、刺五加、黄芪提取液。从大鼠胚胎(SD大鼠,妊娠17 d)的大脑皮质分离神经细胞原代培养;应用磷酸化神经丝H(pNF-H)抗体(轴突的标记)和微管相关蛋白2(MAP2a&2b)抗体(树突的标记)进行免疫染色;采用显微摄影技术及图像分析技术,测量神经细胞轴突和树突的长度。结果:人参醇提液1 mg.L-1可促进大脑皮质神经细胞轴突增长(P<0.05);刺五加水提取液1 mg.L-1在大脑皮质神经细胞轴突增长方面有效(P<0.05);从刺五加水提取液中再次分得乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水部分,其中1 mg.L-1正丁醇部位和水部位显示出促进轴突增长的作用(P<0.05)。结论:人参的醇提取液和刺五加的正丁醇部位及水部位可能具有潜在的促进脊髓损伤修复的作用。
OBJECTIVE: To screen natural drugs for drugs that promote neurite outgrowth in cerebral cortex. Methods: The ginseng, Acanthopanax senticosus, Radix Astragali extract in different parts were obtained by the system solvent extraction method. Primary cultures of neural cells were isolated from the cerebral cortex of rat embryos (SD rats, 17 d of gestation); phosphorylated neurofilament H (pNF-H) antibodies (axon markers) and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2a & Antibody (dendritic marker) was immunostained; neurite axons and dendrites were measured using photomicrography and image analysis techniques. Results: Ginseng alcohol extract 1 mg.L-1 could promote axon growth of cerebral cortex neurons (P <0.05); Acanthopanax senticosus aqueous extract 1 mg.L-1 was effective in neurite outgrowth in cerebral cortex (P <0.05). Ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water fractions were again fractionated from Acanthopanax senticosus aqueous extract, in which 1 mg.L-1 n-butanol site and water site showed the effect of promoting axonal growth (P <0.05 ). Conclusion: Ginseng alcohol extract and Acanthopanax senticosus n-butanol and water may have the potential to promote spinal cord injury repair.