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目的了解2005—2012年全国甲型病毒性肝炎(甲肝)流行病学特征,为预防控制甲肝疾病提供流行病学依据。方法利用中国法定传染病报告系统数据,进行甲肝描述性流行病学分析。结果 2005—2012年甲肝的报告发病率分别为5.64/10万、5.52/10万、5.87/10万、4.24/10万、3.30/10万、2.64/10万、0.59/10万、1.81/10万;报告病例主要集中在河南、广东、四川、云南、贵州、新疆、甘肃;甲肝的发病年龄主要集中在30~50岁;甲肝发病的主要职业分布在家务待业、退离人员、农民、散居儿童、学生等。结论中国2005—2012年甲肝报告发病数(率)逐年下降,表明以甲肝疫苗预防接种为主的预防控制措施成效显著;加强甲肝监测,及时发现、调查、处理甲肝聚集性病例,可有效控制甲肝疫情爆发。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A virus from 2005 to 2012 and to provide epidemiological basis for the prevention and control of hepatitis A disease. Methods Using the reporting system of legal notifiable diseases in China, a descriptive epidemiological analysis of hepatitis A was conducted. Results The reported incidence rates of hepatitis A from 2005 to 2012 were 5.64 / 100000, 5.52 / 100000, 5.87 / 100000, 4.24 / 100000, 3.30 / 100000, 2.64 / 100000, 0.59 / 100000, 1.81 / 10 The reported cases mainly concentrated in Henan, Guangdong, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Xinjiang and Gansu. The age of onset of hepatitis A was mainly between 30 and 50 years old. The main occupational diseases of hepatitis A were domestic workers, farmer, farmer, Children, students and more. Conclusions The incidence of hepatitis A in China decreased from 2005 to 2012, indicating that prevention and control measures based on hepatitis A vaccination were effective. To strengthen the surveillance of hepatitis A and timely find out, investigate and treat the cases of hepatitis A that can effectively control hepatitis A Outbreak.