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目的了解豫北地区城市空巢老人心理健康状况。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对城市空巢老人和非空巢老人进行对比分析。结果空巢老人与非空巢老人的生活质量没有显著性差异;影响城市空巢老人心理健康的主要因素是年龄、性别、婚姻状况、子女关系、健康状况和社会问题。空巢老人与非空巢老人比较,在受教育程度上的差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.22,P=0.642);在性别(χ2=42.31,P=0.00)、婚姻(χ2=56.17,P=0.00)和年龄(F=10.29,P=0.01)上的差异有统计学意义。结论城市空巢老人心理问题影响因素是多方面的,已经成为一个不容忽视的社会问题。
Objective To understand the mental health of empty-nesters in urban areas in the north of Henan Province. Methods The self-rating Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) was used to analyze the urban empty-nesters and non-empty nesters. Results The quality of life of empty-nesters and non-empty-nesters had no significant difference. The main factors influencing the mental health of empty-nesters were urban age, gender, marital status, children’s relationship, health status and social problems. There was no significant difference in education level between the empty-nesters and non-nesters (χ2 = 0.22, P = 0.642); the gender (χ2 = 42.31, P = 0.00) = 0.00) and age (F = 10.29, P = 0.01), the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion The influencing factors of the psychological problems of urban empty-nesters are many and have become a social issue that can not be ignored.