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蒂姆·迪恩(Tim Dean)是英美酷儿理论家中的一个重要人物,目前任教于纽约州立布法罗大学(State University of New York at Buffalo)。本文译自其最新著作《亲密无间:背空亚文化反思》(Unlimited Intimacy:Reflections on the Subculture of Barebacking)(芝加哥大学出版社,2009年出版)。与其他官样研究不假思索地将所谓“背空”(barebacking)行为(即,拒绝使用安全套的性行为,在本文语境中尤指发生于所谓“高危”人群中的此类行为)简单归类为“高危”从而对其嗤之以鼻或加以污名的惯常做法迥异,迪恩的研究延续了拉康派精神分析的理路,以一种近乎“零度”研究的方式独辟蹊径,首先悬隔对此问题进行简单的道德评判,继而对“背空”亚文化进行了深度体验、采访与分析。在这一结论章中,迪恩首先以“作为一种生活方式的猎艳”之标题对福柯进行了别具意味的戏仿。结合翔实的民族志资料、扎实的理论基础、细致的文本分析以及敏锐的现实关切,迪恩试图说明:性、性体验、性倾向本身并非要旨所在,与这些实践相关的自我塑形、交往形式、社会控制、社会话语才是问题根本:后现代“浪荡子”的猎艳行为(与“背空”行为对待风险时的无畏乃至欢迎态度类似)包含了某种深刻的民主潜能,它代表了对他人乃至自身他异性的直面态度,因而使得我们有必要对其伦理价值进行严肃考察。与此同时,迪恩还探讨了互联网技术对性文化及公民交往的冲击;在线猎艳如何代表了某种回避接触交往的退化形式;性少数群体如何在被主流文化(如,婚姻)收编的同时转而对更少数的激进派进行弹压与污名化。以一种持续冲击边界的方式,迪恩的文章挑战着被主流意识形态所塑造的、外表天真实则乡愿的思维模式,发人深省、极具启发。
Tim Dean is an important figure in Anglo-American queer theorist and currently teaches at the State University of New York at Buffalo. This article is translated from its latest book, “Intimacy: Reflections on the Subculture of Barebacking” (University of Chicago Press, 2009). In contrast with other official studies, the so-called “barebacking” behavior (ie, refusing to use condoms for sexual behavior, in the context of this article, especially in the so-called “high risk” population, ) The usual practice of dismissing or stigmatizing them as “high risk” varies widely, and Dean’s study extends Lacanian psychoanalysis in a way that is nearly “zero-degree” , First of all, conducting a simple moral judgment on this issue, and then conducting in-depth experience, interviews and analysis on the sub-culture. In this concluding chapter, Dean begins with a faux parody of Foucault on the title of “A Hunt for Lifestyles.” Combined with informative ethnographic data, a solid theoretical foundation, careful text analysis and keenly realistic concerns, Dean attempts to demonstrate that sexuality, sexual experience, sexual orientation are not inherent in their own essentials, self-shaping, communicative forms associated with these practices , Social control, and social discourse are fundamental to the problem: postmodern “rascal” hunting (similar to the “daring” or “welcome” behavior of risk-taking behavior) contains some profound democratic potential , Which represents the heterosexual attitude towards others and even himself, thus making it necessary for us to conduct a serious inspection of the ethical values. At the same time, Dean also explored the impact of Internet technology on sexual culture and civic engagement; how online hunting represented some form of degradation that avoided contact; and how sexual minorities were incorporated into mainstream culture (eg, marriage) At the same time, it has turned to the suppression and stigma of a smaller number of radical groups. In a way that continues to impact the frontier, Dean’s article challenges the thinking paradigm modeled by mainstream ideology that is naive and inspiring.