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目的：探讨胸腔内注射山莨菪碱联合口服“活血利水汤”治疗结核性渗出性胸膜炎的疗效。方法：在抗结核治疗的基础上，将１１６例结核性渗出性胸膜炎患者随机分为胸腔内注射山莨菪碱联合口服“活血利水汤”治疗组６０例和糖皮质激素（泼尼松）对照组５６例进行对照研究。结果：治疗组胸水消失时间（１２．０±２．１）日，对照组（１６．０±２．８）日（ｔ＝２．８０６，Ｐ＜０．０１）；治疗组胸膜增厚、粘连的发生率为１０％，对照组为２５％（χ２＝３．９７２，Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：胸腔内注射山莨菪碱联合口服“活血利水汤”治疗结核性渗出性胸膜炎能明显缩短胸水消失时间，降低胸膜增厚和粘连的发生率。
Objective: To investigate the effect of intrathoracic injection of anisodamine and oral “Huoxue Li Shui Tang” in the treatment of tuberculous exudative pleurisy. Methods: On the basis of anti-TB treatment, 116 patients with tuberculous exudative pleurisy were randomly divided into an intrathoracic injection of anisodamine plus oral “Huoxue Li Shui Tang” treatment group 60 cases and glucocorticoid (prednisone) control Group 56 cases were controlled study. Results: The pleural effusion disappeared in the treatment group (12.0 ± 2.1 days) and in the control group (16.0 ± 2.8 days) (t = 2.806, P <0.01) The incidence of adhesions was 10% in the control group and 25% in the control group (χ2 = 3.972, P <0.05). Conclusion: Intrathecal injection of anisodamine and oral “Huoxue Li Shui Tang” in treating tuberculous exudative pleurisy can shorten the time of pleural effusion disappearance and reduce the incidence of pleural thickening and adhesions.