放射学家对曾用细胞毒类化疗药物的患者出现弥漫性肺病灶时其诊断是困难的,主要是可能的病因太多之故。这类病人的免疫功能遭到损害,故易犯各种各样寻常的和异常的感染。许多病人接受化疗的同时也接受胸部放疗。有些病例乃致机能紊乱,遂使肿瘤侵润,出血甚或脉管炎都可引起弥漫性肺部病灶。再者化疗药剂本身也可导致弥漫性肺部病变(表1)。曾有几篇关于这种现象的综述。虽然Sostman等对临床资料提出建议,但对这个论题的那些综述还没有订好放射诊断方面的详细定义。关于细胞毒性药物引起的肺部病变的讨论,放射学者着重强调X线类型的差别。但是,临床经验提示单独研究X线的类型对诊断化疗引起的肺损害毫无用处。本组病人所用药物的 Radiologists have difficulties in diagnosing diffuse lung lesions in patients who have used cytotoxic chemotherapeutics, mainly because of too many possible causes. The immune function of these patients is impaired and it is easy to commit various unusual and abnormal infections. Many patients receive chemotherapy as well as chest radiotherapy. Some cases are caused by dysfunction, so that tumor invasion, bleeding, or vasculitis can cause diffuse lung lesions. In addition, chemotherapy agents themselves can also cause diffuse lung lesions (Table 1). There have been several reviews of this phenomenon. Although Sostman et al. provided suggestions for clinical data, the review of this topic has not yet defined a detailed definition of radiological diagnosis. With regard to the discussion of cytopathogenic pulmonary lesions, radiologists have emphasized the differences in X-ray types. However, clinical experience suggests that the separate study of the type of X-ray is useless for diagnosing chemotherapy-induced lung damage. This group of patients used drugs