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目的查明内蒙古某市某村发生食物中毒突发公共卫生事件的性质规模,调查可疑危险因素及其污染来源,控制疫情蔓延。方法制定病例定义,开展病例主动搜索,采集患者肛拭子及粪便样品、可疑食品及环境样品,进行病原菌的分离培养。分离菌株进行生化和血清学鉴定,PFGE分子分型和药敏检测。结果共出现43例感染病例,均参加了2014年5月6日的婚宴聚餐。19份检测样品中从7份患者肛拭子分离到肠炎沙门菌,志贺菌、致泻性大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌及蜡样芽孢杆菌检测阴性。7株肠炎沙门菌XbaⅠ酶切后的PFGE谱型完全相同,说明感染菌株来自同一个克隆,即有共同的感染源头。Pulse Net China数据库比对分析显示,本次疫情菌株的PFGE图谱与我国肠炎沙门菌分离株中常见的PFGE带型JEGX01.CN0002完全相同。结果此次事件为一起肠炎沙门菌引起的食物中毒,感染菌株具有国内优势的PFGE带型。
Objective To find out the nature and scale of public health emergencies of food poisoning in a certain village in a certain city of Inner Mongolia, investigate the suspicious risk factors and their sources of pollution, and control the spread of the epidemic. Methods Define the case definition, carry out active search of cases, collect samples of anal swabs and stools, suspicious foods and environmental samples, and isolate and culture pathogenic bacteria. Isolates were biochemical and serological identification, PFGE molecular typing and drug susceptibility testing. Results A total of 43 cases of infection occurred, all participated in the wedding dinner on May 6, 2014. Salmonella enteritidis, Shigella, diarrheal Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus were isolated from the anal swab of 7 patients in 19 samples tested negative. The 7 strains of Salmonella enteritidis Xba Ⅰ digested PFGE profiles identical, indicating that the infected strains from the same clone, that have a common source of infection. The comparative analysis of Pulse Net China database showed that the PFGE pattern of this epidemic strain was exactly the same as the PFGE band type JEGX01.CN0002 commonly found in Salmonella enteritidis isolates in China. Results The incident was a food poisoning caused by Salmonella enteritidis, and the infected strains had the predominant PFGE pattern.