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目的观察重组人促红细胞生成素-α(rhEPO)治疗癌性贫血的最佳时间、疗效以及安全性。方法临床纳入我院70例经病理学检查确诊为癌症并伴有非髓性贫血患者，化疗前患者血红蛋白(Hb)水平100~120g/L。根据患者rhEPO使用时间的不同分为早使用组与晚使用组。早使用组在化疗的同时即给予rhEPO皮下注射，晚实验组在Hb<90g/L时给予rhEPO皮下注射。对于治疗期间出现铁缺乏、疗效不明显的患者加用琥珀酸亚铁0.1g口服，3次/d。观察两组患者治疗前后Hb以及血细胞比容(HCT)水平，对比两组患者治疗前期不良反应发生情况。结果治疗0~4w、5~8w、9~12w，早使用组Hb水平为(116.8±6.7)g/L、(120.3±8.2)g/L、(128.1±10.3)g/L，HCT水平分别为(0.37±0.09)、(0.39±0.06)、(0.41±0.04)；晚使用组Hb水平为(108.6±5.9)g/L、(107.3±9.9)g/L、(105.0±8.7)g/L，HCT水平分别为(0.31±0.03)、(0.29±0.05)、(0.27±0.01)，组间差异均有显著性(<0.05)。两组患者治疗期间均未发生严重不良反应，主要不良反应为低热、皮疹、乏力以及食欲下降等。结论化疗同时即给予rhEPO注射，能够有效提高患者Hb以及Hct水平，改善患者贫血，且药物不良反应较低。“,”Objective To observe the best time and ef icacy and safety ef ects of recombinant human erythropoietin alpha (rhEPO)for the treatment of anemia of cancer.Methods 70 cases of patients, pathological y diagnosed as cancer accompanied by non myeloid anemia,were selected in our hospital.Hemoglobin (Hb)level of Pre chemotherapy patients were 100~120g/L.According to the dif erent rhEPO patients using time,they were divided into the early and late use group.Early use of group at the time of chemotherapy is given by subcutaneous injection of rhEPO,late in the experiment group Hb<90g/L when it was given by subcutaneous injection of rhEPO.For treatment during iron deficiency,the ef ect was not obvious in patients with 0.1g by fer ous succinate oral y,3 times a day.Two groups were observed before and after treatment in patients with Hb and the hematocrit(HCT)levels,compared two groups of patients with the treatment of early stage the occur ence of adverse reactions. Results The treatment of 0~4 weeks,5~8 weeks,9~12 weeks,Hb level of early use of group were(116.8±6.7)g/L,(120.3±8.2)g/L,(128.1±10.3)g/L,HCT levels were(0.37±0.09)and(0.39±0.06)and(0.41±0.04);Hb level of late use groups were (108.6±5.9)g/L,(107.3±9.9)g/L,(105±8.7)g/L,HCT levels were (0.31±0.03)and (0.29±0.05)and (0.27±0.01),the dif erence between groups was significant ( <0.05). During the period of treatment,the patients of two groups were no serious adverse reactions,the main adverse reactions were fever,rash,fatigue and decreased appetite,etc.Conclusion Chemotherapy given rhEPO injection can ef ectively improve the patients with Hb and Hct level of patients with anemia,improve,and drug adverse reaction is lower.