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目的了解企业职工对职业卫生服务的认知和需求状况,并分析影响职工职业卫生服务认知的因素,为构建适合于不同层次职工职业卫生培训模式提供借鉴。方法采用系统抽样方法选择湖北省黄石市3家企业的90名职工为调查对象,通过问卷调查了解职工对职业卫生服务的认知情况。利用EpiData3.1建立数据库,采用SPSS 17.0软件对数据资料进行描述,对影响职业服务认知、需求的影响因素进行二分类非条件Logistic回归分析。结果职工对职业卫生服务总体认知平均值为(5.44±1.57),职业卫生服务总体需求平均值为(5.49±0.99);性别(P<0.05,OR=0.14)、家庭人均月消费情况(P<0.05,OR=3.88)和工作过的企业数(P<0.05,OR=0.57)为职业卫生服务认知水平的影响因素,家庭人均月消费水平越高者对职业卫生服务认知情况越高;与企业的雇佣关系(P<0.1,OR=0.66)是职工的职业卫生服务需求的影响因素。结论不同消费层次的职工对职业卫生服务认知情况存在较大差异,用人单位和相关部门应针对上述特点,对企业职工开展多元化的职业卫生健康宣传和教育工作,合理配置职业卫生服务资源。
Objective To understand the cognition and needs of employees in occupational health services and to analyze the factors that affect the cognition of occupational health services in workers so as to provide reference for the construction of occupational health training modes suitable for employees at different levels. Methods A systematic sampling method was used to select 90 workers in 3 enterprises in Huangshi City of Hubei Province as the survey subjects. The questionnaires were used to understand the employees’ cognition of occupational health services. EpiData3.1 was used to establish the database, and SPSS 17.0 was used to describe the data. Two factors affecting the cognition and demand of occupational services were analyzed by non-conditional logistic regression. Results The average occupational health service awareness of employees was (5.44 ± 1.57) and that of occupational health services was (5.49 ± 0.99), respectively (P <0.05, OR = 0.14) <0.05, OR = 3.88) and the number of working enterprises (P <0.05, OR = 0.57) were the influencing factors of the cognition level of occupational health services. The higher the per capita monthly household consumption level, the higher the cognition of occupational health services ; Employment relationship with enterprises (P <0.1, OR = 0.66) is the influencing factor of workers’ occupational health service demand. Conclusion There are great differences in cognition of occupational health services among workers at different levels of consumption. Employing units and relevant departments should conduct diversified occupational health publicity and education work for their employees in accordance with the above characteristics and rationally allocate occupational health service resources.