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本文报导1955—1957年在内蒙黄旗海地区研究蝗虫发生规律和防治方法所得的一部分结果。内蒙碱草蒿子草滩及其附近农田发生的蝗虫有6—7种,其中以小翅■蝗和大垫尖翅蝗为最重要。文中记述了各种蝗虫的发生时期。草滩、撩荒地和地埂是蝗虫的主要繁殖场所。蝗虫从这些地上孵化后,逐渐迁入莜麦地。开始时为害莜麦嫩叶,待8—9月莜麦抽穗时,咬食小穗,造成落铃。1955年在刘家村调查,莜麦产量损失达10—43%;一般在莜麦生长后期蝗虫密度每平方公尺为3—5头时,即可造成10%的落铃。研究结果指出,由于过去对蝗虫的发生规律不清楚,防治时期上失之过迟;在防治措施上对消灭虫源重视不够;在一系列农事活动上,助长了蝗虫的迁移。今后应强调适期防治、消灭虫源和注意打草割麦等对蝗虫迁移的影响。试验证明喷撒0.75%666粉剂和10%毒杀酚防治小翅雄蝗效果能达90%以上,对大垫尖翅蝗的效果则仅为73—85%。在草滩边缘喷3丈宽的666药带能延迟幼龄蝗蝻侵入莜麦地的时间达13天。
This article reports some of the results obtained from the study of the law of occurrence and control of locusts in the Huangqihai area from 1955 to 1957. There are 6-7 kinds of locusts occurring in Artemisia selengensis and its adjacent farmland in Inner Mongolia, of which, Apocynaceae and Locust are the most important. The article describes the occurrence of various locusts. Grassland, deserted land and ground calamus is the locust’s main breeding ground. After the locusts hatch from these fields, they gradually move into the oats. At the beginning of the harm oatmeal young leaves, until August-September oat ears, spitting spikelets, resulting in falling bell. In 1955, investigations in Liujiacun village showed that the yield of malt was up to 10-43%. Generally, when the density of locusts was 3-5 heads per square meter during late malting stage, a 10% drop could be caused. The results of the study pointed out that due to the unclear laws of locusts in the past, the delay in the prevention and control of the locusts was too late; prevention and control measures were not enough to eliminate the insect sources; and the locusts were encouraged to migrate in a series of agricultural activities. The future should emphasize the proper prevention and control, to eliminate the source of insects and pay attention to grass cut wheat and other impact on the migration of locusts. Tests show that spraying 0.75% 666 powder and 10% poison to kill small wing male locusts effect can reach more than 90%, the effect of the large pad sharpwing locust is only 73-85%. Sprayed on the edge of the beach with 3 feet wide 666 medicine can delay larvae locusts 蝻 invasive 莜 wheat field for up to 13 days.