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研究了尚未受人注意的Fe-Mn-Al-Cr系奥氏体钢,并从中发展出一种新超低温无磁钢30Mn23Al4Cr5。实验结果说明30Mn23Al4Cr5具有较好的综合性能:自室温至-269℃有适宜的强度与很高的韧性,-253℃时V形缺口冲击值为2048 kJ/m~2;低温奥氏体稳定,在-269℃拉伸,形变10%未发现α′马氏体,形变50%未发现ε马氏体;磁导率较低(μ=1.005),电阻率较高(ρ=1.08);冷收缩率很小,甚至低于铁素体的9%Ni钢;高温时效变脆倾向小于一般铬镍奥氏体钢;抗大气腐蚀性能优于9%Ni钢及15Mn26Al4,与ICr13不锈钢相仿。由上述结果分析30Mn23Al4Cr5可能成为一种适用温度范围较广的低温无磁钢,作为低温钢可用于-150--269℃,作为无磁钢可用于600--269℃。
The unmembered Fe-Mn-Al-Cr austenitic steel was studied and a new ultra-low temperature non-magnetic 30Mn23Al4Cr5 was developed. The experimental results show that 30Mn23Al4Cr5 has good comprehensive properties: suitable strength and high toughness from room temperature to -269 ℃, V-notch impact value of -253 ℃ is 2048 kJ / m ~ 2; austenite is stable at low temperature, At -269 ° C, no α ’martensite was found at 10% deformation and no ε martensite was found at 50% deformation; the permeability was lower (μ = 1.005) and the resistivity was higher (ρ = 1.08); the cold Shrinkage rate is very small, even lower than ferritic 9% Ni steel; high temperature aging embrittlement tendency less than the general chrome-nickel austenitic steel; anti-atmospheric corrosion better than 9% Ni steel and 15Mn26Al4, similar to the ICr13 stainless steel. From the above analysis of the results 30Mn23Al4Cr5 may become a wide temperature range for a wide range of low temperature non-magnetic steel, as low temperature steel can be used for -150-269 ℃, as non-magnetic steel can be used for 600-269 ℃.