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在过去40年里,一种称作牛瘟或牛疫的疾病一直困扰着非洲农民,夺去了数以百万计的牲畜生命,严重损害了农场的生产和收入。尤其是80年代,牛瘟曾在非洲各地家畜中频频爆发。今天的情况已有了很大的不同。在出现过牛瘟的18个非洲国家中,眼下只有两个国家还存在着这种疾病的迹象。在这一显著转变中起作用的是一场应用新的以核为基础的检验技术的泛非运动。该技术是由国际原子能机构(IAEA)、联合国粮农组织(FAO)和联合王国的一家实验室于1987年联合开发的。这项应用从根本上提高了与牛痘作斗争的疫苗接种运动的效力,使非洲国
For the past 40 years, a disease called rinderpest or a cow epidemic has plagued African farmers, depriving them of millions of lives of livestock and seriously damaging farm production and income. Especially in the 1980s, rinderpest frequently broke out in livestock throughout Africa. The situation today has been very different. Of the 18 African countries that have had rinderpest, only two now have signs of the disease. A pan-African movement that is applying this new nuclear-based testing technique is playing a role in this remarkable shift. The technology was jointly developed by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and a laboratory in the United Kingdom in 1987. This application has fundamentally increased the effectiveness of the vaccination campaign against vaccinia so that African countries