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目的探讨社区儿童接种乙肝疫苗的效果。方法采用多阶段随机抽样法选取本社区已完成乙肝疫苗基础免疫的845名儿童作为研究对象,对828份有效血清采用酶联免疫吸附实验法进行检测,对乙肝疫苗免疫效果进行评价。结果本组已免疫儿童HBsAg标化阳性率为0.3%,抗-HBs标化阳性率为65.3%,>5岁与1~3岁儿童的抗-HBs阳性率随年龄增长而下降(P<0.05);未加强接种乙肝疫苗组儿童抗-HBs阳性率47.3%明显不及加强组的73.8%(P<0.05)。结论社区儿童接种乙肝疫苗后HBsAg携带率低,加强免疫后可促使抗-HBs阳性率上升,今后应做好相关监测与强化免疫工作,以使免疫效果增强。
Objective To explore the effect of community-based hepatitis B vaccination. Methods A total of 845 children with completed hepatitis B vaccine in this community were enrolled in this study. The 828 validated serums were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the effect of hepatitis B vaccine was evaluated. Results The positive rate of HBsAg in children immunized was 0.3% and the positive rate of anti-HBs was 65.3%. The positive rate of anti-HBs in children> 5 years old and 1-3 years old decreased with age (P <0.05 ). The positive rate of anti-HBs in children without hepatitis B vaccine was significantly lower than that in the booster group (47.3% vs 73.8%, P <0.05). Conclusion HBsAg carrier rate is low in community children after receiving hepatitis B vaccine. After boosting immunity, the positive rate of anti-HBs may be increased. Related monitoring and intensive immunization should be done in the future so as to enhance the immune effect.