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一 前言: 众所周知,炼钢过程中,还原操作的中心环节是脱氧。就从脱氧和钢的纯净度来看,虽然现在也已有可能在炉内得到相当高的水平,但在出钢时难免钢水和大气接触,仅卷入的空气量就可达到钢水体积的40％,也难免钢水和熔渣的混淆。一系列报告指出,这种二次氧化甚至可使钢水总氧量上升60％之多,还会引入不利于钢的性能的夹杂和夹渣。并且二次氧化的程度与原始含氧量密切有关。以铝镇静钢为例,钢水一和空气接触,其表面上就会形成氧化膜,并随之进入钢流内部。钢在炉内还原得愈彻底,即钢水含氧量愈低,氧化膜的生成和进入钢流内部的速度就愈大,即二次氧化愈严重,这是一个重要的启示。说明与其在炉内费力地进行还原精炼,还不如把它移到钢包中去,精炼一结束就直接进行浇注(浇注过程的保护是较简便的)。
A preamble: As we all know, the steelmaking process, the reduction of the central part of the operation is deoxidation. From the deoxidation and steel purity point of view, although it is also possible to get a very high level in the furnace, but the molten steel and the atmosphere is inevitable contact at the time of tapping, only the amount of air involved can reach 40% of the volume of molten steel %, It is inevitable confusion between molten steel and slag. A series of reports indicate that this secondary oxidation can even increase the total oxygen content of the molten steel by as much as 60% and also introduce inclusions and slag inclusions that are detrimental to the performance of the steel. And the degree of secondary oxidation is closely related to the original oxygen content. Taking aluminum killed steel as an example, when the molten steel comes into contact with the air, an oxide film is formed on the surface of the molten steel and the molten steel enters the interior of the steel flow. The more thoroughly the steel is reduced in the furnace, that is, the lower the oxygen content of the molten steel, the greater the rate of formation of the oxide film and the speed of the interior of the steel flow. That is, the more serious the secondary oxidation is, which is an important revelation. This shows that instead of refining and refining in the furnace, it is better to move it to the ladle to finish the pouring directly (the pouring process is easier to protect).