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针对无线传感器网络中如何利用有限能量延长网络生存时间的问题,研究了分簇算法在能量异构传感器网络环境下的性能特点,设计出一种基于节点剩余能量,适用于多级能量异构网络的分簇算法。在该算法的网络簇头选举加权概率中引入了参量γ,使得在簇头选举过程中,具有较高的初始能量和剩余能量的节点在簇头选举过程中当选簇头的机会增多。避免了剩余能量较小的节点担任簇头引起节点过早死亡使网络覆盖度降低的问题,从而均衡消耗网络中的各节点能量,延长网络的生存时间。同时,引入簇头管理机制保证了网络每轮簇头数目的稳定,进而提高了网络的传输质量。实验仿真结果表明,该算法在多级能量异构网络下比LEACH、SEP和DEEC具有较长的网络生存时间和稳定的数据传输能力。
Aiming at the problem of how to use finite energy to prolong network lifetime in wireless sensor networks, the performance characteristics of clustering algorithm in energy heterogeneous sensor networks are studied. Based on the residual energy of nodes, this algorithm is designed for multi-level energy heterogeneous networks Clustering algorithm. In this algorithm, the parameter γ is introduced into the weighted election probabilities of cluster heads, so that the chances of nodes with higher initial energy and residual energy in cluster head election are higher than those in cluster head election. Which avoids the problem that the node with less remaining energy acts as a cluster head to cause the premature death of the node to reduce the coverage of the network so as to balance the energy consumption of each node in the network and prolong the lifetime of the network. At the same time, the introduction of cluster head management mechanism to ensure the stability of the number of cluster heads per round of the network, thereby enhancing the network transmission quality. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has longer network lifetime and stable data transmission capacity than LEACH, SEP and DEEC in multi-level energy heterogeneous networks.