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目的了解乌鲁木齐市耐药肺结核患者的人群、地区分布情况。方法将2011年5月1日—2012年9月30日间,乌鲁木齐市7区1县疾病预防控制中心结核病防治科收治的肺结核患者标本用罗氏管进行分枝杆菌分离培养,培养阳性菌株采用比例法对8种抗结核药物(异烟肼、链霉素、乙胺丁醇、利福平、氧氟沙星、卡那霉素、阿米卡星、卷曲霉素)进行药物敏感性试验。并对其耐药情况进行统计分析。结果 259例肺结核患者中有71例耐药。其中男154例,女105例,耐药率分别为29.2%和24.8%;年龄分布在14~86岁之间,平均年龄40.8岁;≤18岁患者耐药率21.1%,19~59岁患者耐药率29.7%,≥60岁患者耐药率21.8%。汉族患者耐药率25.5%,维吾尔族患者耐药率34.2%,回族患者耐药率18.2%;性别、年龄、民族耐药率经统计分析,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。市辖7区1县耐药率在20%~40%之间,耐多药率在0~10%之间。结论乌鲁木齐地区分支杆菌的耐药性与性别、年龄、族别及地区分布均无关,异烟肼耐药率低于全国耐药水平。
Objective To understand the population and geographical distribution of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in Urumqi. Methods From May 1, 2011 to September 30, 2012, specimens of patients with tuberculosis who were admitted to Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment Branch of CDC 1 Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 7 districts of Urumqi were isolated and cultured in Mycobacterium tuberculosis with Roche tube. The positive strains were cultured in the proportions Drug-susceptibility testing of eight anti-TB drugs (isoniazid, streptomycin, ethambutol, rifampicin, ofloxacin, kanamycin, amikacin, capreomycin) was conducted. And statistical analysis of the drug resistance. Results Of the 259 patients with tuberculosis, 71 were resistant. There were 154 males and 105 females with resistance rates of 29.2% and 24.8%, respectively. The age distribution ranged from 14 to 86 years old, with an average age of 40.8 years. The drug resistance rate was 21.1% in patients ≤18 years old and in patients aged 19 to 59 years Drug resistance rate of 29.7%, ≥ 60 years old patients with drug resistance rate of 21.8%. The rate of resistance was 25.5% in Han nationality, 34.2% in Uighur nationality and 18.2% in Hui nationality. There was no significant difference in sex, age and national drug resistance between the two groups (P> 0.05). Municipal 7 districts and counties 1 resistance rate of 20% to 40%, MDR rate of 0 to 10%. Conclusion The drug resistance of mycobacteria in Urumqi has nothing to do with gender, age, ethnicity and geographical distribution. The resistance rate of isoniazid is lower than that of the whole country.