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目的:探讨分娩镇痛对产妇及新生儿的影响。方法:选择2007年1月～2010年6月邯郸市第一医院收治的自愿行分娩镇痛的孕妇230例,采用自控硬膜外镇痛(PCEA)进行分娩镇痛;并选择同期正常分娩的产妇200例作为对照。比较两组产妇分娩时疼痛程度、产程、胎儿宫内窘迫情况和新生儿Apgar评分。结果:镇痛组产妇的疼痛程度明显低于对照组,镇痛有效率达到99.1%;两组产妇的第一产程、第二产程及总产程时间无统计学差异(P>0.05);镇痛组胎儿宫内窘迫率2.6%(6/230),明显低于对照组10.0%(20/200),组间比较具有统计学差异(χ2=10.29,P<0.05)。镇痛组新生儿窒息率为1.3%(3/230),与对照组4.5%(9/200)相比,具有统计学差异(χ2=4.03,P<0.05)。结论:分娩镇痛能明显减轻产妇分娩时疼痛感,对母婴无不良影响,满足整个产程的需要,值得临床进一步推广使用。
Objective: To investigate the effects of labor analgesia on mothers and newborns. Methods: From January 2007 to June 2010, 230 pregnant women with voluntary labor analgesia admitted to the First Hospital of Handan City were enrolled. PCEA was used for labor analgesia. The patients with normal labor during the same period 200 maternal as a control. The pain, labor, fetal distress and neonatal Apgar scores were compared between the two groups during childbirth. Results: The analgesic group was significantly lower than the control group, the analgesic effective rate was 99.1%. There was no significant difference in the first stage of labor, the second stage of labor and the total stage of labor among the two groups (P> 0.05) The intrauterine fetal distress rate was 2.6% (6/230), significantly lower than that of the control group (10.0%) (20/200). There was significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 10.29, P <0.05). Asphyxia in the analgesic group was 1.3% (3/230) compared with 4.5% (9/200) in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (χ2 = 4.03, P <0.05). Conclusion: Labor analgesia can significantly reduce the pain during childbirth and has no adverse effect on maternal and infant. It meets the needs of the entire labor process and deserves further promotion in clinic.