本文介绍了“铁路机车、车辆用车轴钢坯”国家标准制订的经过.指出该标准是以国情为依据,描准苏联最新标准而制定的,较原部颁标准有较大提高,被国家标准主管部门认定为国际先进水平标准. 具体说,调整了化学成分,机械性能与尺寸公差等规定,低倍组织、高倍组织方面要求严于苏联标准,据初步实践数据推算出每年可取得社会经济效益和企业经济效益各数百万元. This paper introduces the elaboration of the national standard of “billet of railway locomotive and vehicle axle”, and points out that this standard was formulated on the basis of national conditions and based on the latest Soviet standards, which has been greatly improved compared with the original standards promulgated by the National Standards Institute Specifically, the adjustment of the chemical composition, mechanical properties and dimensional tolerances and other requirements, low magnification, high magnification organizations require strict standards in the Soviet Union, according to preliminary practice data to calculate the annual social and economic benefits and Economic benefits of millions of dollars each.