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本文研究了影响碳钢碱性焊条焊接烟尘量及其毒性的电弧物理及化学因素。得出了下述见解:其一,焊条烟尘产生的主要原因是,熔渣和熔滴的过热、蒸发;其二,影响烟尘量的主要电弧物理因素是,熔滴端部极性斑点析出热量的大小、熔滴的导热条件和熔滴及焊条端形成的套筒表面上发尘的面积和时间;其三,影响烟尘量及其有害成分的主要化学因素是,涂药成分中的CaF_2和粘接剂水玻璃互相作用产生低沸点的有害物质KF、NaF。在上述研究的基础上,研制了一种卫生指标先进的新型低尘低毒焊条。
In this paper, the arc physics and chemical factors that affect the amount of the welding soot and the toxicity of the alkaline welding rod of carbon steel are studied. The following findings are obtained: First, the main cause of the electrode soot is overheating and evaporation of the slag and droplet; secondly, the main arc physical factors that affect the amount of soot are the precipitation of heat at the end of the droplet The size of the droplet and thermal conductivity of the droplet and the electrode surface of the sleeve formed on the surface of the dust area and time; Third, the impact of the amount of dust and its harmful components of the main chemical factors, coating composition of CaF_2 and Adhesives water glass interact to produce low boiling point harmful substances KF, NaF. Based on the above research, a new kind of low dust and poisonous electrode with advanced health index was developed.