中学生物与物理化学一样,也是一门以观察实验为基础的学科。在生物教学中,要想提高教学质量,发展学生的智力,同样必须重视培养学生的观察能力。观察力是人们认识事物的能力。人们的认识始于观察,人们的学习是从感性认识开始的,以感知为基础。所谓感知就是感觉和知觉两种心理现象的合称。感觉是一种最简单的认识活动,是直接作用于感官的事物的个别属性在大脑中的反映;知觉是一种较复杂的认识活动,它是直接作用于感官的事物的整体和外部联系在大脑中的反映。而观察则是人们获得感性认识的一个重要途径。人们通过观察可以获得大量的感性材料,为进 Middle school biology and physical chemistry, but also to observe the experimental basis for the discipline. In biological teaching, in order to improve teaching quality and develop students ’intelligence, we must also attach great importance to cultivating the students’ observation ability. Observational power is the ability of people to know things. People’s cognition begins with observation. People’s learning begins with perceptual knowledge and based on perception. The so-called perception is the combination of feeling and perception of two psychological phenomena. Sensation is one of the simplest cognitive activities that reflect the individual attributes of things that act directly on the senses in the brain. Perception is a more complex cognitive activity that is integral and external to the things that act directly on the senses. Reflex in the brain. Observation is one of the important ways for people to acquire perceptual knowledge. People can get a lot of perceptual material by observation