我国北方的村镇住宅，普遍采用单一材料 (砖砌体及土坯 )外墙，存在浪费能源、室温较低、四大角及外墙主体内表面结露、结霜等难以解决的热工问题。根据传热传湿理论及工程实践提出：靠火炕采暖的村镇住宅建筑应放弃传统单一材料外墙，采用内保温复合墙体，衰减度应控制在 1.3以内，从而有效地解决了这类建筑的热工设计问题。为方便应用，文中给出衰减度小于 1.3的多种复合外墙的构造型式，它不仅适用于新建筑围护结构的热工设计，也适用于旧传统住宅的装修改造。 Villages and houses in the northern part of China generally use external walls of a single material (brickwork and adobe), which are difficult to solve due to waste of energy, low room temperature, condensation on the inner surfaces of the four major horns and external walls, and frosting. According to the theory of heat and moisture transfer and engineering practice, it is proposed that village and town residential buildings heated by heating kangs should abandon the traditional single-material outer wall and adopt the inner thermal insulation composite wall, the attenuation should be controlled within 1.3, so as to effectively solve the problems of such buildings Thermal design issues. In order to facilitate the application, a variety of composite exterior wall structures with attenuation less than 1.3 are presented in this paper. It is not only suitable for the thermal design of the envelope of the new building but also for the renovation of the old traditional houses.