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目的了解沈阳地区手足口病发病情况及其病原谱的构成,为手足口病的诊断、治疗及其防控提供科学依据。方法应用荧光定量RT-PCR方法,收集2015年哨点医院临床诊断为手足口病的患者709例,进行标本检测。结果肠道病毒阳性率为66.01%(468/709);其中肠道病毒71型(EV71)阳性48例,阳性检出率为10.26%(48/468);柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CA16)阳性28例,阳性检出率为5.98%(28/468);非EV71/CA16型392例,阳性检出率为83.76%(392/468)。结论 2015年沈阳市手足口病病原谱发生变化,非EV71/CA16的肠道病毒成为优势流行株。分子生物学方法可用于手足口病的病原体检测、EV71比Cox A16分型以及接触者的排查,有利于感染者的早发现、早隔离,对手足口病的监测及防控具有重要作用。
Objective To understand the incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease and the composition of its pathogenic spectrum in Shenyang area, and to provide a scientific basis for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods A total of 709 patients with hand-foot-mouth disease who were diagnosed as hand-foot-mouth disease by sentinel hospital in 2015 were collected by fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR. Results The positive rate of enterovirus was 66.01% (468/709). Among them, 48 were positive for enterovirus 71 (EV71) and the positive rate was 10.26% (48/468) CA16) were positive in 28 cases, the positive rate was 5.98% (28/468). The non-EV71 / CA16 type 392 cases, the positive detection rate was 83.76% (392/468). Conclusion The pathogen spectrum of HFMD in Shenyang City changed in 2015, and the non-EV71 / CA16 enterovirus became the dominant epidemic strain. The molecular biology method can be used to detect pathogens of hand, foot and mouth disease. EV71 is more effective than Cox A16 typing and contact investigation, which is beneficial to early detection, early isolation, monitoring of foot and mouth disease and prevention and control of infected persons.