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马克思主义政治经济学的发展可以俄国十月革命为界限划分为两个阶段,前一阶段以马克思《资本论》创作和出版为主线,主题是研究资本主义的政治经济学;后一阶段贯穿了百年社会主义建设实践,研究对象扩展到两种经济制度,其时代主题转换为社会主义政治经济学。社会主义政治经济学始终以实践引领理论创新,理论紧随实践发展,总体进程具有更多演化而不是建构的特征。社会主义市场经济的政治经济学具有三大方法论特点:(1)在生产关系与生产力的辩证统一中理解和把握社会主义生产方式;(2)坚持社会主义基本经济制度与市场经济的两点论;(3)坚持在劳动价值论和剩余价值理论的基础上建立马克思主义政治经济学逻辑一贯的理论体系。中国特色社会主义政治经济学是当代中国马克思主义政治经济学的主体,也是我们为马克思主义发展贡献中国智慧的主阵地。
The development of Marxist political economy can be divided into two stages according to the October Revolution in Russia. The former stage is based on the creation and publication of Marx’s “Capitalism” with the theme of studying the political economy of capitalism. The latter stage runs through In the course of one hundred years of socialist construction and practice, the research object has been extended to two kinds of economic systems, and the theme of its era has been transformed into socialist political economy. Socialist political economy has always led the theoretical innovation through practice. The theory follows the practice and the overall process has the characteristics of more evolution than construction. The political economy of the socialist market economy has three major methodological features: (1) understanding and grasping the socialist mode of production in the dialectical unity of the relations of production and the productive forces; (2) the two-point theory of upholding the basic socialist economic system and the market economy; 3) Adhere to the theory of labor theory of value and the theory of surplus value to establish Marxist political economy consistent logic system. Socialist political economics with Chinese characteristics is the main body of contemporary China’s Marxist political economy and the main front where we contribute to the wisdom of China for the development of Marxism.