目的:寻找缓解杭白菊连作障碍的方法并阐明其缓解障碍的微生态机制。方法:实验分为6组,即连作组、轮作组、蚕沙发酵肥组、蚕沙未发酵肥组、市售菌肥组及石灰组,于收获期统计杭白菊的存活率、产量、株高以及分枝数,采用Miseq测序技术对6个处理组的杭白菊根际土壤细菌群落多样性及结构进行分析。结果:连作杭白菊的存活率、产量、株高以及分枝数均为最低;土壤酸化严重,p H仅4.79;根际土壤酶活性及细菌多样性水平也最低。而施用蚕沙发酵肥、蚕沙未发酵肥、市售三矩灌金液菌肥、石灰均能有效改善白菊连作障碍,其存活率、产量、株高以及分枝数显著提高。比较土壤理化性质后发现,无论是施用菌肥还是石灰,土壤p H、酶活性以及细菌多样性水平均显著上升,有机质含量则没有显著性差异。比对前20个优势菌属发现,3个菌肥组中的优势菌属种类差异不大,主要表现在含量上的差异。菌肥的施用促进了土壤中一些优势细菌类群数量的增长,如Gp1、Rhizomicrobium、Pseudolabrys、Gp2、Burkholderia、Bradyrhizobium、Devosia、Bacillus、Sphingomonas、Chitinophaga等,其中Devosia、Bradyrhizobium、Bacillus、Burkholderia、Sphingomonas与Chitinophaga均是益生菌。石灰组中的细菌组成与菌肥组差异较大,其中一些益生菌如Arthrobacter、Paenibacillus、Nitrosospira、Ohtaekwangia、Tepidamorphus、Dongia仅在石灰组中特有。结论:无论施肥还是改变土壤p H均可提高杭白菊产量,增加存活率,其微生态机制主要是通过提高土壤p H、酶活性以及细菌多样性水平,增加有益菌的种类和数量,从而达到缓解杭白菊连作障碍的作用。 OBJECTIVE: To find out the method to alleviate the continuous working disorder of Chrysanthemum morifolium and elucidate its micro-ecological mechanism of relieving the obstacle. Methods: The experiment was divided into 6 groups, ie continuous cropping group, rotation crop group, silkworm excrement fermentation fat group, silkworm excrement unfermented fertilizer group, commercially available bacterial fertilizer group and lime group. The survival rate, yield, The number and structure of bacterial community in the rhizosphere soil of Chrysanthemum morifolium from six treatment groups were analyzed by Miseq sequencing. Results: The survival rate, yield, plant height and branch number of continuous chrysanthemum were the lowest. Soil acidification was severe with p H of only 4.79. Soil enzyme activities and bacterial diversity were the lowest in rhizosphere soil. However, the application of silkworm excrement fermentation fat, silkworm excrement non-fermented fertilizer, commercially available three-moment gold liquid fertilizer, and lime all can effectively improve the continuous cropping obstacle of white chrysanthemum, and the survival rate, the yield, the plant height and the number of branches are remarkably increased. Comparing the physical and chemical properties of soil, it was found that the soil p H, enzyme activity and bacterial diversity increased significantly, no significant difference in organic matter content was observed. Compared with the top 20 dominant bacteria, it was found that there was no significant difference in the dominant genus in the three bacterial fertilizer groups, mainly in the content differences. The application of bacteriostat promoted the growth of some dominant bacterial groups in soil, such as Gp1, Rhizomicrobium, Pseudolabrys, Gp2, Burkholderia, Bradyrhizobium, Devosia, Bacillus, Sphingomonas and Chitinophaga, among which Devosia, Bradyrhizobium, Bacillus, Burkholderia, Sphingomonas and Chitinophaga Are probiotics. The bacterial composition of the lime group is quite different from that of the bacterial fertilizer group, and some of the probiotics such as Arthrobacter, Paenibacillus, Nitrosospira, Ohtaekwangia, Tepidamorphus and Dongia are only found in the lime group. Conclusion: Both soil fertility and soil pH can increase the yield and increase the survival rate of Chrysanthemum morifolium. Its micro-ecological mechanism is mainly achieved by increasing soil p H, enzyme activity and bacterial diversity, and increasing the number and types of beneficial bacteria To alleviate the role of Chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacle.