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目的观察大鼠脑缺血/再灌注(CI/RP)后小胶质细胞的激活以及脂多糖(LPS)和阿司匹林对活化小胶质细胞的影响。方法取健康雄性SD大鼠114只,随机分为假手术组、对照组、阿司匹林(80 mg.kg-1)组、LPS(1 mg.kg-1)组以及阿司匹林+LPS组。采用线栓法制作大脑中动脉阻塞模型,缺血2 h,再灌注时间6 h、24 h、3 d、5 d、7 d。采用免疫组化方法检测凝集素GSI-B4标记的活化小胶质细胞。结果假手术组未见活化的小胶质细胞;对照组和阿司匹林组仅在梗死侧可见活化小胶质细胞;而LPS组在梗死侧和对侧均可见活化小胶质细胞。CI/RP后,在梗死周边区和中心区可观察到高分支样、杆状、圆形、阿米巴样等不同形态的小胶质细胞以及泡沫细胞。腹腔注射LPS后,梗死区小胶质细胞数量明显增多(P<0.05)。阿司匹林干预后,无论CI/RP还是LPS诱导的活化小胶质细胞数量均明显减少(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论阿司匹林可抑制CI/RP和LPS诱发的早期小胶质细胞激活,改善神经功能缺失。
Objective To investigate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and aspirin on activated microglial cells after cerebral ischemia / reperfusion (CI / RP) in rats. Methods 114 healthy male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, control group, aspirin group (80 mg.kg-1), LPS group (1 mg.kg-1) and aspirin + LPS group. The middle cerebral artery occlusion model was made by the method of thread occlusion. The rats were subjected to ischemia for 2 hours and then to reperfusion for 6 hours, 24 hours, 3 days, 5 days and 7 days. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the agglutinin GSI-B4-labeled activated microglial cells. Results There was no activated microglial cells in the sham operation group. Activated microglial cells were found only in the infarct side in the control group and aspirin group. Activated microglial cells were seen in both the infarct side and the contralateral side in the LPS group. After CI / RP, different shapes of microglia and foam cells, such as high branching, rod-shaped, round-shaped and amoebic, were observed in the peripheral and central infarcts. After intraperitoneal injection of LPS, the number of microglia in infarction area increased significantly (P <0.05). After aspirin intervention, the number of activated microglial cells induced by CI / RP or LPS significantly decreased (P <0.01 or P <0.05). Conclusion Aspirin can inhibit early microglial activation induced by CI / RP and LPS and improve neurological deficits.