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目的:分析社区中老年人骨质疏松症的患病危险因素。方法:于2003-10/11随机抽取广州市海珠区南石头街福南居委会中老年居民141人进行骨密度检查,用自制的骨质疏松症行为问卷进行基本情况和运动及钙营养摄入等相关行为调查。包括:是否每日饮用牛奶、吃豆制品和补充钙剂,以及运动量的大小。钙营养摄取具备上述一种行为或没有的为摄钙量低,具备两种以上行为者为摄钙量高。具备经常骑自行车、每周体育活动3次以上、家务劳动承担>50%或具备其中两项为运动量大,凡未达上述标准者为运动量小。采用双能X射线骨吸收仪检查腰2～4(L2～4)和股骨颈的骨密度,低于峰值骨量2SD为骨质疏松症。结果:①摄钙量低组腰椎骨质疏松症发生率高于摄钙量高组(66%比46%,χ2=5.497,P=0.019),运动量小组腰椎骨质疏松症发生率高于运动量大组(85%比25%,χ2=52.161,P=0.000),年龄大于60岁组腰椎骨质疏松症发生率高于小于60岁组(69%比48%,χ2=6.800,P=0.009)。②体质量指数小于23岁组股骨颈骨质疏松症发生率高于大于23岁组(31%比10%,χ2=9.104,P=0.003),女性绝经年限>10年组股骨颈骨质疏松症发生率高于小于<10年组(25%比9%,χ2=4.245,P=0.039)。结论:钙摄入低、少运动、高龄、绝经年限长和体质量指数低是社区中老年人骨质疏松症患病危险因?
Objective: To analyze the prevalence of osteoporosis in the community. Methods: A total of 141 middle-aged and old residents were randomly selected from the Southern Rock Street, South Stone Street, Haizhu District, Guangzhou City for bone mineral density test. The basic situation and exercise and calcium intake were correlated with the self-made osteoporosis behavior questionnaire Behavior investigation. Including: Whether to drink milk daily, eat soy products and calcium supplements, as well as the amount of exercise. Calcium intake with one or more of the above acts of calcium intake is low, with two or more acts of high calcium intake. Have regular bikes, more than 3 times a week sports activities, household labor commitment> 50% or have two of them for the large amount of exercise, those who do not meet the above criteria for a small amount of exercise. Bone mineral density (L2 ~ 4) and femoral neck were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Osteoporosis was measured at 2SD below the peak bone mass. Results: ①The incidence of lumbar osteoporosis in low caloric intake group was higher than that in high calcium intake group (66% vs 46%, χ2 = 5.497, P = 0.019). The incidence of lumbar osteoporosis in exercise group was higher than that in exercise group The incidence of lumbar osteoporosis was significantly higher in the large group (85% vs 25%, χ2 = 52.161, P = 0.000) than in the group less than 60 years (69% vs 48%, χ2 = 6.800, P = 0.009 ). (2) The incidence of femoral neck osteoporosis with body mass index less than 23 years old was higher than that over 23 years old (31% vs 10%, χ2 = 9.104, P = 0.003), femoral neck osteoporosis The incidence of disease was higher than that of <10 years (25% vs 9%, χ2 = 4.245, P = 0.039). Conclusion: Low calcium intake, low exercise, advanced age, long menopause and low body mass index are the risk factors of osteoporosis in the community.