晚清是中国社会发生剧变的时期,面临“千年未有之变局”。作为文明表征的媒介技术,也发生革命性的变革,并对社会产生深远影响。中国传统的雕版印刷术日趋式微,相对先进的石印和铅印印刷技术被引入并得以迅速推广,印刷速度、数量、质量等大幅提高,印刷成本下降。随着西方先进的造纸技术、通讯技术等先后被应用于传播机构,图书、报刊等大众媒介市场空间快速扩展,西方文化思潮也通过大众媒介在晚清中国快速传播,深刻改变了中国人的思想文化,进而推进了社会变革。 The late Qing Dynasty was a period of drastic social change in China, facing the “unprecedented change in the past thousand years.” As a media technology for the characterization of civilization, revolutionary changes have also taken place and have a profound impact on the society. Chinese traditional engraving printing technology is becoming smaller and smaller. Relatively advanced lithographic and lead printing technologies have been introduced and can be rapidly popularized. The printing speed, quantity, quality and the like have been greatly increased, and the printing cost has dropped. With the advanced Western papermaking technology and communication technology being applied to the mass media market such as broadcasting organizations, books, newspapers and magazines, the space for the mass media has expanded rapidly. The trend of western culture has also been rapidly disseminated by mass media in late Qing China, profoundly changing Chinese thinking Culture, and thus promote social change.