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针对通过双光纤直接拉伸法获得的腰区直径达到波长甚至亚波长尺度的微纳光纤耦合器(OMC)进行了制作与实验研究;实验结果显示,当OMC的腰区直径小于2.5μm,其腰区耦合功能将消失,OMC将成为具有合束和分束功能的四端口微纳光纤(FPOM);通过在线监测样品拉制过程、工作稳定性测试、波长扫描等实验方法,分析并界定了OMC和FPOM的光学特性差异;采用基于光吸收制热效应的全光调制方法,分别对OMC和FPOM的光调制能力进行测试分析;FPOM具备稳定的光学传输特性,其分束比对波长、温度、传输光功率波动等物理参量不敏感,可用于微纳光子器件的集成;而经过结构优化设计的OMC不但可以用于温度、振动等传感研究,还具备作为全光调制器的潜力。
Aiming at the micro-nano fiber coupler (OMC) with the diameter of the lumbar region reaching the wavelength and even the subwavelength obtained by the direct drawing method of the double optical fiber, the fabrication and the experimental research are conducted. The experimental results show that when the lumbar region diameter of the OMC is less than 2.5 μm, Waist area coupling function will disappear and OMC will become a four-ported micro-nano optical fiber (FPOM) with beam combining and beam splitting function; through the online monitoring of sample drawing process, work stability test, wavelength scanning and other experimental methods, analyzed and defined OMC and FPOM. The optical modulation capability of OMC and FPOM was tested respectively by using all-optical modulation method based on the light absorption heating effect. The FPOM has stable optical transmission characteristics. The split ratio has a good effect on the wavelength, temperature, Transmission optical power fluctuations and other physical parameters are not sensitive, can be used for the integration of micro and nano-photonic devices; and OMC structure-optimized design can not only be used for temperature, vibration and other sensing research, but also has the potential as an all-optical modulator.