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目的探讨食管癌围术期肺部感染发生的危险因素。方法随机选择2012年2月至2014年12月行手术治疗的食管癌患者150例,术后肺部感染50例为感染组,无肺部感染100例为非感染组,比较两组患者围术期相关情况(术前肺功能、吸烟史、手术情况、术前合并症等),对肺部感染单因素中有方差差异的变量行Logistic多因素回归分析。结果感染组年龄≥65岁、吸烟≥400支/年、中重度肺功能障碍、喉返神经损伤等发生率分别为78.0%、70.0%、46.0%、16.0%,非感染组为58.0%、52.0%、28.0%、5.0%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高龄、吸烟史、肺功能严重障碍、围术期出血量多、喉返神经损伤为围术期肺部感染发生独立危险因素。结论高龄、吸烟史、肺功能严重障碍为食管癌围术期肺部感染的高危因素,需针对性的给予干预措施以预防或减少肺部感染。
Objective To explore the risk factors of perioperative pulmonary infection in patients with esophageal cancer. Methods A total of 150 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent surgical treatment from February 2012 to December 2014 were selected randomly. Fifty patients with postoperative pulmonary infection were infected, and 100 patients without pulmonary infection were non-infected. The perioperative (Preoperative lung function, smoking history, operation conditions, preoperative complications, etc.), Logistic regression was used to analyze the variance of variance in single factor of pulmonary infection. Results The incidence rates of infection were ≥65 years old, ≥400 cigarettes per year, moderate and severe pulmonary dysfunction and recurrent laryngeal nerve were 78.0%, 70.0%, 46.0% and 16.0% respectively in the infected group, 58.0% and 52.0% in the non-infected group %, 28.0% and 5.0%, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). Senior citizens, smoking history, severe pulmonary function disorders, perioperative bleeding, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury perioperative pulmonary infection were independent risk factors. Conclusion Senior citizens, smoking history and severe pulmonary function disorders are risk factors for perioperative pulmonary infection in patients with esophageal cancer. Interventions should be given to prevent or reduce pulmonary infection.