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自1963年麻疹疫苗于美国推广应用以来,麻疹发病率降低了99%,美国大多数地区已消灭了本土的麻疹传播,但未能实现1982年最终消灭麻疹。1981～1987年间麻疹发病的报告,以1983年最低,共1497例;1986年最高,有6282例。近年美国麻疹流行的二个主要形式为:(1)在未免疫的学龄前期儿童,包括小于常规免疫接种年龄的儿童(如15月龄以下),(2)在曾免疫的学龄儿童中流行。在几个城市中曾发生未免疫学龄前儿童麻
Since the spread of measles vaccine in the United States in 1963, the incidence of measles has been reduced by 99% and the spread of indigenous measles has been eliminated in most parts of the United States, but the eventual elimination of measles in 1982 has not been achieved. The report on the incidence of measles from 1981 to 1987, the lowest in 1983, a total of 1497 cases; the highest in 1986, 6282 cases. Two major forms of measles epidemics in the United States in recent years are: (1) pre-immunization of preschool-age children, including children less than the age of normal immunization (eg, under 15 months of age), and (2) pre-immunization of school-age children. In several cities there have been unincorporated preschool children