贵州地形复杂,民族众多,经济发展远落后于沿海地区。我国曾多次投入大量的人力、物力、财力改变其落后的形势,然而却收效甚微。究其原因,非经济因素的影响不容小觑。而非经济因素指除经济以外的其他因素,其中包括自然生态、社会组织、教育机制、历史文化、政府职能等。本文从生态民族学的视角,抓住非经济因素的核心问题,从自然生态、社会文化和国家政策三个方面来论述贵州经济的发展。 Guizhou has complex terrain, numerous ethnic groups and far lagged economic development in the coastal areas. My country has repeatedly invested a great deal of manpower, material resources and financial resources to change its backward situation, but with little success. The reason, the impact of non-economic factors should not be underestimated. Non-economic factors refer to other factors besides economy, including natural ecology, social organization, education system, history and culture, government functions and so on. From the perspective of ecological ethnology, this paper seizes the core issues of non-economic factors and discusses the economic development of Guizhou from the aspects of natural ecology, social culture and national policies.