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简单扼要地介绍了DEMETER卫星的发展历程、电离层地震前兆异常的识别和提取方法以及改进型图像信息方法(Modified Pattern Informatics method,简称MPI方法)的具体计算过程。笔者利用MPI方法处理了2010年4月13日23时49分(世界时)玉树MS7.1地震前1个月震中上空30°×50°范围内DEMETER卫星监测到的电离层电子浓度,生成时空演化图像。结果显示,2010年3月16—28日玉树震中上空电子浓度变化较为平缓;3月30日震中上空南部开始出现电子浓度高值异常;随着发震时刻的临近,震中上空电子浓度高值异常逐渐显著;玉树地震发生当日(4月13日)研究区域上空电子浓度最为显著。从研究结果我们可以看出,MPI方法在提取DEMETER卫星数据的地震异常方面有一定的时空鉴别力。
The development course of DEMETER satellite, the identification and extraction method of precursory anomalies of ionospheric earthquakes and the detailed calculation process of Modified Pattern Informatics method (MPI method) are briefly introduced. The authors used the MPI method to process ionospheric electron concentrations monitored by DEMETER satellites over a 30 ° × 50 ° space above the epicenter of the Yushu MS7.1 earthquake on April 13, 2010 at 23:49 (World Time) Evolutionary image. The results show that the electron density of Yushu epicenter changes more slowly from March 16 to March 28, 2010; the high electron concentration anomaly began to appear in the southern part of the epicenter on March 30; with the onset of the epicenter close to the high epicenter electron concentration Gradually became significant. The electron concentration over the study area was the most significant on the day of the Yushu earthquake (April 13). From the results, we can see that the MPI method has certain space-time discrimination in extracting seismic anomalies from DEMETER satellite data.