1904年英国病理学家Symmers首先描述了由于血吸虫卵引起的一种新类型肝硬化。他把遍及肝脏的病变比拟为“白色陶土制的烟斗柄”,即今所称的肝硬化。其后各国病理学家在论及晚期血吸虫病人的肝脏病理时,又使用了门脉周围纤维化、成轴的纤维化、干线型纤维化或Symmers纤维化等术 In 1904 Symmers, a British pathologist, first described a new type of liver cirrhosis caused by schistosome eggs. He compared the pathological lesions throughout the liver to “white clay pipe handles,” now called cirrhosis. Later, pathologists in other countries in the advanced schistosomiasis patients with liver pathology, and the use of the portal vein fibrosis, axial fibrosis, trunk fibrosis or Symmers fibrosis and other surgery